In today's industrial cooling setups, particularly in temperature control for industrial-grade additive manufacturing of metals, effective temperature control and process efficiency depend on a temperature control system. The use of fluorinated liquids in the coolant system builds the foundation for precision cooling system functionality. Suzhou Lingheng Precision Industry Co. Ltd, a professional enterprise in thermal management for more than 12 years, has specialized in the development and provision of fluorinated liquids along with matched cooling equipment. The products are used in the fields of manufacturing semiconductors, new energy testing, among other fields. The current paper describes the cooling applications of fluorinated liquids and their relevance in additive manufacturing of metals.
Fluorinated liquids withstand high temperatures which make them appropriate for applications where high heat is generated during cooling such as metal additive manufacturing. During metal 3D printing, both the printing nozzle and the molten metal component generate a considerable amount of heat. If this heat is not quickly dissipated, it will result in the deformation of the printed part or damage to the equipment. The fluorinated liquids provided by Lingheng Industry retain their cooling effectiveness and stable chemical properties, even in extreme heat. Their working temperatures of -100°C to +200°C completely satisfy metal additive manufacturing needs. For instance, during the laser melting of titanium alloy parts, fluorinated liquids circulate in the equipment cooling channel to rapidly absorb heat from the nozzle and the metal, maintaining the part within the temperature range of 780°C to 840°C during the process and enhancing the precision and yield of the printed part.
The chemical inertness of fluorinated liquids also is crucial to the cooling system design. They have little to no interaction with most metal materials (and therefore protect the metal components of the cooling apparatus and the metal parts being cooled) and, therefore, do not pose any risk of chemical corrosion. In industrial grade additive manufacturing, the cooling system is often in contact with parts made of stainless steel, titanium alloy, and aluminum alloy. The fluorinated liquid from Lingheng Industry will not cause corrosion or oxidation to these metals ensuring the long term service life of the equipment and the quality of the printed parts. Within metal additive manufacturing printers, the cooling system passes these fluids through metal cooling pipes and heat exchangers. Again, because of chemical inertness, the system fluids will not tarnish or coat the inner walls of the pipes, which would lead to cooling system malfunction by blocking the pipes.
Fluorinated liquids exhibit high thermal conductivity which aids in cooling efficiency. Efficient heat transfer in precision cooling applications such as semiconductor manufacturing and metal additive manufacturing, can reduce temperature fluctuations which ensures stability in the production process. Lingheng Industry’s fluorinated liquids have thermal conductivity optimized through formula adjustments. It efficiently absorbs heat from a heat source and transfers it to cooling apparatuses like chillers. One example is the cooling of semiconductor chips. During the manufacturing process, the chips will leave a lot of heat in a short period of time. The fluorinated liquid directly contacts (or indirectly through a heat conduction plate) the chip surface to absorb heat rapidly, transferring it to the dual channel chiller. The chiller cools the fluorinated liquid and is circulated back to the heat source creating heat dissipation. This high efficiency cooling method can control the chip temperature within ±0.1°C, meeting the precision requirements of semiconductor manufacturing.
Compatibility with various precision cooling equipment is important for the stable operation of any entire cooling system. Besides developing quality fluorinated liquid, Lingheng Industry also makes appropriate cooling equipment which includes industrial chillers and thermal exchangers. Specially formulated fluorinated liquid for equipment makes it compatible with the constituent materials and components. For instance, the single regulation chiller and dual channel chiller have seals, pipes, and pumps which are completely floro liquid compatible. There are no issues of swelling, aging, or leakage of the seals so there is no risk of borderline cooling system losing its tightness and stability. In the cooling process of metal additive manufacturing equipment, the fluorinated liquid flows between the additive manufacturing machine and the chiller. Due to its compatibility with equipment, it can maintain long-term stable state of circulation which significantly reduces the frequency of equipment maintenance and replacement.
Environmental protection is one of the most important factors to consider with the usage of fluorinated liquid cooling applications. Lingheng Industry’s fluorinated liquid is fully compliant with the Kigali Amendment and other international regulations, has no ozone layer depletion, and has a low environmental impact. While the large-scale intrusive metal additive manufacturing uses large amounts of coolant and impact the environment. Lingheng Industry green compliant environmental impact reduced most of their environmental impact. One of this industry's applications is in a new energy battery testing workshop. The coolant ensures environmental pollution is avoided during battery testing and also ensures compliance with the enterprise’s environmental goals and social responsibilities. During this process Lingheng’s fluorinated liquid is used to provide the required cooling and is also a non polluting coolant.
Fluorinated Liquid assisted precision temperature control in advanced semiconductor packaging and new energy component testing. These have very high temperature control accuracy requirements and the temperature control precision cooling systems using the fluorinated liquids from Lingheng Industry can achieve ±0.1°C. In semiconductor 2.5D/3D packaging, the temperature of the packaging structure must be controlled for each part to avoid thermal stress packaging defects. The temperature difference must be kept from the larger extremes and the fluorinated liquid in the precision cooling system will recirculate to cool each part of the packaging structure evenly. In new energy battery testing, the battery performance test conditions require tested under various temperatures and the fluorinated liquid cooling systems can quickly and maintain stable environments.
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